Type A – Shared Boundary Walls
A wall that stands astride the boundary line between two (or more) pieces of land owned by different people.
- May form part of one building (e.g. terraced houses)
- May separate two adjoining buildings (e.g. semi-detached homes)
- May include a masonry garden wall built on the boundary (known as a “party fence wall”)
Note: Timber fences and hedges are not included under the Act.
Type B – Walls Built on One Owner’s Land
A wall that sits entirely on one owner’s land but is used by both owners to separate their buildings. For example:
- One property owner builds a wall first
- A neighbour later builds against it
Only the dividing section is considered a party wall.
What Is a Party Structure?
The Act also defines “party structures.” These include:
- Floors or ceilings separating flats
- Other dividing structures within shared buildings
This means the Act applies not only to houses but also to flats, apartments, and mixed-use properties.
What Is Not a Party Wall?
Examples of structures outside the Act:
- A garden wall built entirely on one owner’s land
- External walls of a property built up to (but not across) a boundary
Why It Matters
If your works affect a party wall, party structure, or party fence wall, you are legally required to serve a Party Wall Notice. Failing to do so can:
- Delay your project
- Lead to disputes with neighbours
- Result in legal challenges or injunctions
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